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A1Beginner39 lessons · guided pathway available
Grammar
- French Subject Pronouns and Tu vs Vous: A Guide for Punjabi Speakers
Je, tu, il, elle, on, nous, vous, ils, elles explained, plus when to say tu or vous in Canada and France, and why on usually means 'we' in conversation.
A1 pathway - Être and Avoir Present Tense for Learners
Learn the two most important French verbs, être and avoir, in the present tense with clear explanations, examples, and TEF/TCF practice.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - French Articles: le, la, les, un, une, des Explained
A complete beginner's guide to French articles for learners: definite (le/la/les), indefinite (un/une/des), partitive (du/de la/des), contractions (au/aux/du), and the negation trap — with clear examples.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - French Noun Gender and Plurals: Endings That Tell You Le or La
How to guess whether a French noun is masculine or feminine from its ending, and how to make nouns plural (-s, -x, -aux), with the exceptions that actually matter.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - C'est vs Il est (and Il y a): When to Use Each in French
C'est or il est? Learn the one-question article test, professions, nationalities, c'est + adjective, and il y a (there is/are), with examples and common mistakes.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - French Adjectives: Masculine, Feminine, and Plural Agreement
Learn how French adjectives change for gender and number — regular -e/-s patterns, -ien/-ienne, -eux/-euse, doubled consonants, colours, and irregular beau/nouveau/vieux — with clear explanations and a full reference table.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - Present Tense -ER Verbs: The Foundation of French Grammar
Master regular -ER verb conjugation in French. Complete guide for A1 learners with conjugation tables, worked examples, and explanations of why verb forms matter.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - Present Tense -IR Verbs: Finir, Choisir, Réussir and the Second Verb Family
Master regular -IR verb conjugation in French (finir, choisir, réussir, grandir). Complete A1 guide with conjugation tables, the -iss- pattern, and worked examples.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - Present Tense -RE Verbs: Vendre, Attendre, Répondre and the Third Verb Family
Master regular -RE verb conjugation in French (vendre, attendre, répondre, perdre). Complete A1 guide with conjugation tables, the silent-consonant pattern, and worked examples.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - Aller, Faire, Venir, Prendre: French Present Tense
Aller, faire, venir and prendre in the present tense: tables with pronunciation, aller à and venir de, everyday expressions, common mistakes and practice.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - French Question Formation: Est-ce que, Inversion and Interrogative Words
Learn the three ways to ask a question in French — intonation, est-ce que, and inversion — plus the core interrogative words (qui, que, où, quand, comment, pourquoi, combien) with A1/A2 examples.
A1 pathway - French Negation: ne...pas, jamais, rien, personne, plus
Form negative French sentences with ne...pas, elision (n'), article changes (de/d'), spoken shortcuts, 'si', and ne...jamais, rien, personne, plus and que.
A1 pathway - French Imperative Mood: Giving Commands and Instructions
Learn the French imperative (command form) for tu, nous and vous — how to form it from the present tense, the three exceptions, and how it changes with pronominal verbs and negation.
A1 pathway - The 10 Most Useful French Verbs After Être and Avoir
Aller, venir, faire, prendre, dire, voir, savoir, vouloir, pouvoir and devoir: all the forms, the one idea behind each verb, everyday sentences, mistakes and practice.
Has a drill
Prepositions
One preposition per lesson. Take them in order, or jump to the one that trips you up.
- à: au, à la, à l', aux Explained
Every use of the French preposition à: contractions au/aux, places, times, means of transport, verbs that take à, and the traps like jouer à vs jouer de.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - de: du, de la, de l', des Explained
Every use of the French preposition de: contractions du/des, possession, origin, quantity, the partitive, verbs that take de, and why 'pas de' loses its article.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - chez: At Someone's Place, Practice or Culture
Every use of the French preposition chez: at someone's home, at a professional's office, at a company, and chez as a cultural idiom.
A1 pathwayHas a drill - avec: With, Manner and Fixed Expressions
Every use of the French preposition avec: with a person, with a tool, avec plaisir, and the fixed expressions built on avec.
Has a drill - pour: For, Purpose, Destination and Duration
Every use of the French preposition pour: recipient, destination, planned duration, purpose with the infinitive, opinion and price.
Has a drill - devant: In Front Of, Facing
Every use of the French preposition devant: physically in front of something, and the figurative sense of facing a situation.
Has a drill - derrière: Behind, Left Behind
Every use of the French preposition derrière: physically behind something, and the figurative sense of leaving something behind.
Has a drill
Vocabulary
- French Food and Drink Vocabulary
Learn essential French food and drink vocabulary, partitive articles (du, de la, des), restaurant dialogues, Canadian meal names, and TEF/TCF Canada prep.
A1 pathway - French Shopping and Services Vocabulary
Learn essential French shopping and services vocabulary, asking prices, demonstratives (ce, cet, cette, ces), payment methods, receipts, and Canadian retail terms.
A1 pathway - French Travel and Transportation Vocabulary
Learn essential French travel and transportation vocabulary, transport prepositions (en vs. à), metro and bus dialogues, Canadian transit terms, and TEF/TCF Canada prep.
A1 pathway - French Family and Relationships Vocabulary
Learn French family and relationship vocabulary with Punjabi explanations, English meanings, and pronunciation for beginner TEF and TCF learners.
A1 pathway - French Home and Living Vocabulary
Learn French home and living vocabulary for rooms, rent, furniture, leases, and neighbourhoods with clear pronunciations.
A1 pathway - French Weather and Nature Vocabulary
Learn essential French weather, seasons, and nature vocabulary, season prepositions (en vs. au), Canadian winter terms, weather forecasts, and TEF/TCF Canada prep.
A1 pathway - French Clothing, Body and Colours Vocabulary
Learn high-frequency French clothing, body parts, and colour vocabulary with Punjabi explanations, English meanings, and Gurmukhi pronunciation.
A1 pathway - Filling Out a Form in French: Name, Address, Date of Birth and More
Every word you meet on a French form in Canada: nom vs prénom, date de naissance, état civil, conjoint de fait, NAS, code postal, cocher and more, with a filled-in example.
Canada / Québec - French Countries, Nationalities and Languages (with en, au, aux)
Say where you're from and what languages you speak in French: countries with en, au and aux, nationalities in both genders, languages, and Canada's francophone, anglophone and allophone.
Canada / Québec - French Sports and Fitness Vocabulary
Learn French sports and fitness vocabulary for Canada — hockey, skating, the gym, matches and how often you play — with example sentences.
Canada / Québec
Pronunciation
- French Alphabet & Sounds
French alphabet explained in English — every letter, the sounds that challenge learners, and how to pronounce them correctly. A1 beginner lesson.
A1 pathway - French Accent Marks: Cédille, Circonflexe, Aigu, Grave, and Tréma
A complete guide to all five French accent marks — what each one does to pronunciation, when the letter c needs a cédille, and how to read é, è, ê, and ë correctly, for Punjabi and English speakers.
A1 pathway - French Nasal Sounds: An, In, On, Un — A Pronunciation Guide for Punjabi Speakers
Master the four French nasal vowels — an/en, in, on, and un — with IPA, minimal pairs, and specific fixes for the errors Punjabi speakers make most often, for TEF and TCF Canada prep.
- French Vowel Sounds: A Pronunciation Guide for Punjabi Speakers
Learn the five French vowel sounds, the letter Y, and the silent H with IPA, English comparisons, and Punjabi-specific pronunciation tips for TEF and TCF Canada.
Speaking
- Everyday Greetings and Phrases for Punjabi Speakers
Learn essential French greetings, polite phrases, and introductions in simple English prose. Perfect for A1 beginners starting their French journey.
A1 pathway - How to Introduce Yourself in French (Se présenter) for TEF/TCF Canada
Introduce yourself in French: name, age, origin, family, job, languages and why you're learning French. Two model answers, the questions examiners ask, and the common mistakes.
A1 pathwayTEF/TCF
Reading & Writing
- Writing Short Messages, Postcards and Informal Emails in French
Write informal French messages: greetings and sign-offs for friends, texting abbreviations, three model messages (postcard, text, email) and the TCF Canada short-message task.
A1 pathwayTEF/TCF
Culture
- La Bise and French Greeting Etiquette in Canada and France
When to shake hands, when to faire la bise, and how greetings differ in Québec and France: Bonjour-Hi, allô, bienvenue, and what to do if you'd rather not.
A1 pathwayCanada / Québec
A2Elementary51 lessons · guided pathway available
Grammar
- French Passé Composé: Avoir, Être and Agreement
The passé composé explained in depth: avoir or être, regular and irregular past participles, agreement, word order, hearing it, common mistakes and practice.
A2 pathwayHas a drill - DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP: The 16 Être Verbs for Learners
Memorize the 16 verbs that take être in the passé composé with the DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP mnemonic — every verb, past participle, and agreement example, for TEF/TCF Canada.
A2 pathway - The French Imparfait: Formation, Uses and Talking About Your Childhood
Learn the imparfait: the one-rule formation from the nous form, être as the only exception, its five uses (habits, description, background, age and time, polite requests) and how to talk about your childhood in French.
A2 pathway - Passé Récent: venir de + infinitive
Learn the French recent past tense, venir de + infinitive, with clear explanations, examples, and TEF/TCF speaking practice.
A2 pathway - Futur Proche: aller + infinitive
Learn the French near future tense, aller + infinitive, with clear explanations, examples, and TEF/TCF speaking practice.
A2 pathwayHas a drill - Futur Simple: Formation and Use in French
Master the French futur simple: regular -ER/-IR/-RE conjugation, irregular stems (aller, faire, pouvoir, vouloir, devoir, voir), and when to use it instead of futur proche.
A2 pathwayHas a drillTEF/TCF - French Pronominal Verbs: Reflexive, Reciprocal and Idiomatic (se laver, se parler, s'en aller)
French pronominal verbs: me/te/se, elision, passé composé agreement, reciprocal verbs (se parler), idiomatic ones (s'en aller, se rendre compte) and a daily-routine model answer.
A2 pathwayHas a drill - Vouloir, Pouvoir, Devoir: The Three Modal Verbs for Polite Requests
Learn the present-tense conjugation of vouloir (to want), pouvoir (to be able to) and devoir (to have to), plus the polite 'je voudrais' form — essential for A2 requests, permission and obligation.
A2 pathwayHas a drill - Il faut and Impersonal Expressions in French: il vaut mieux, il est important de…
How to use il faut (you have to, you need), il ne faut pas (you must not), il me faut, il faut que, and the impersonal expressions il vaut mieux, il suffit de, il reste, il manque, il est important de.
A2 pathway - French Direct & Indirect Object Pronouns (COD/COI)
Master French object pronouns: le/la/les vs lui/leur, me/te/nous/vous, where they go before the verb, in the imperative (donne-le-moi), two pronouns together, and past-participle agreement.
Start here · part 1A2 pathwayHas a drill - French Pronouns Y and En: When to Use Each
Master the two French adverbial pronouns y and en: y replaces à + a place or thing, en replaces de + noun or a quantity. The à-vs-de test, placement, and the order y before en.
Deep dive · part 2A2 pathwayHas a drill - French Stressed Pronouns: moi, toi, lui, elle, nous, vous, eux, elles
When to use moi, toi, lui, eux and the other stressed pronouns in French: after prepositions, for emphasis, after c'est, in comparisons and short answers like moi aussi.
A2 pathway - French Comparative and Superlative: Plus, Moins, Aussi... Que
Learn how to compare things in French with plus/moins/aussi... que, and how to say 'the most/least' with le/la/les plus. Covers regular adjectives and the irregular bon/bien/mauvais forms.
A2 pathway - French Adverbs: How to Form -ment Adverbs and Where to Put Them
Make French adverbs from adjectives (lent → lentement, évident → évidemment), learn the irregulars bien, mal, mieux, and where adverbs go in the present and passé composé.
A2 pathway - French Article or No Article? The Complete Rules
The confusion that survives after le/la/les feel automatic: when French drops the article completely (être + profession, avoir faim, sans problème) and when it adds one English leaves out (j'aime le café, je me lave les mains) — with a practice drill.
A2 pathwayHas a drill - Tout, Toute, Tous, Toutes: How to Use 'All' and 'Every' in French
When to write tout, toute, tous or toutes: tous les jours vs toute la journée, tout le monde, tout as 'everything', when to pronounce the s in tous, and expressions like tout de suite and pas du tout.
Has a drill - Savoir vs Connaître, plus Voir, Dire, Écrire, Lire, Mettre and Boire
Savoir or connaître? The simple rule for 'to know', with full present-tense tables for savoir, connaître, voir, dire, écrire, lire, mettre and boire, their past participles and common mistakes.
- French Interrogative Adjectives: Quel, Quels, Quelle, Quelles
Master quel/quels/quelle/quelles — French's 'which/what' adjective. Learn the four agreement forms, the quel + être + noun and quel + noun patterns, and how quel differs from que.
Has a drill - French Object Pronouns: Le/La/Les, Lui/Leur, and Y/En
Learn direct object pronouns (le, la, les), indirect object pronouns (lui, leur, me, te, nous, vous) and the pronouns y and en — how to replace a noun, where the pronoun goes, and how to combine them.
Review · part 3 - Depuis, Il y a, Pendant, Dans, En, Pour: French Time Expressions Compared
Stop mixing up depuis, il y a, pendant, dans, en and pour. One comparison table, the tense each one needs, the matching questions (depuis quand ?) and ça fait… que, with Canadian immigration examples.
Prepositions
One preposition per lesson. Take them in order, or jump to the one that trips you up.
- en: Countries, Months, Transport, Materials
Every use of the French preposition en: feminine countries, months and seasons, transport, materials, languages, and the en/dans time difference that changes the meaning.
Has a drill - dans: Inside, Into and Time Ahead
Every use of the French preposition dans: physical containment, streets and newspapers, dans vs en for transport, and the dans/en time split that changes what a sentence means.
Has a drill - sur: On, About, Out Of
Every use of the French preposition sur: surfaces, topics, proportions like 3 sur 10, donner sur, and the sur/dans traps that come from translating English 'on' directly.
Has a drill - sous: Under, Beneath and Figurative Uses
Every use of the French preposition sous: physically under, sous la pluie, sous pression, sous peu, and the difference between sous and dessous.
Has a drill - sans: Without, Absence and Fixed Expressions
Every use of the French preposition sans: absence, sans + infinitive, and the fixed expressions sans doute, sans cesse, sans abri.
Has a drill - par: By, Through, Per and the Passive Agent
Every use of the French preposition par: the passive agent, means of sending something, physical movement through, rate and fixed expressions.
Has a drill - avant: Before, in Time and Order
Every use of the French preposition avant: before a point in time, avant de + infinitive, and the fixed expression avant tout.
Has a drill - après: After, the Past Infinitive and d'après
Every use of the French preposition après: after a point in time, après avoir/être + participle, and the idiom d'après meaning according to.
Has a drill - pendant: During, For a Duration and pendant que
Every use of the French preposition pendant: the length of time an action lasted, and pendant que introducing a clause meaning while.
Has a drill - entre: Between, Among and Fixed Expressions
Every use of the French preposition entre: between two places, times or people, and the fixed expressions entre nous, entre autres, entre midi et deux.
Has a drill
Vocabulary
- Essential French Adjectives and Adverbs
Learn essential French adjectives, adverbs, emotions, and opinion words with Punjabi explanations and examples for TEF and TCF Canada.
A2 pathway - French Numbers, Dates and Time for TEF Canada
Learn every French number, day, month, season, date, and time expression you need for the TEF/TCF Canada test — each with an easy English respelling and pronunciation guide.
A2 pathwayTEF/TCF - French Work and Office Vocabulary
Learn practical French work and office vocabulary with clear meanings for TEF and TCF Canada speaking tasks.
A2 pathway - French Health and Medical Vocabulary
Master essential French health and medical vocabulary for doctor appointments, symptoms, pharmacy visits, and TEF/TCF Canada speaking role-plays.
Part 1 of 2A2 pathwayCanada / Québec - French Canadian Life Vocabulary
Learn French vocabulary for Canadian daily life — provinces, addresses, schools, health cards, taxes, and leases — plus the au/en/aux preposition rule for provinces and Canadian French usage notes.
A2 pathwayCanada / Québec - French Animals Vocabulary: Pets, Farm Animals and Canadian Wildlife
Learn French animal names: pets, farm animals, Canadian wildlife (orignal, castor, huard, bernache), insects, male and female forms, and everyday animal expressions like poser un lapin.
Canada / Québec - French Job Interview Vocabulary
Learn French words for job searching and interviews in Canada — applications, strengths, skills, contracts and benefits — with example sentences.
Canada / Québec
Pronunciation
- French Oral Vowel Sounds: Word Lists (au, oi, ou, u, eu, é, è)
Learn the French oral vowel sounds — au/eau, oi, ou, ui, the rounded u, eu/œu, é, and è — with 90+ common words, example sentences, and pronunciation guide. Includes the hardest vowel /y/.
A2 pathway - French Nasal Vowels: Word Lists with Pronunciation
Master the three French nasal vowels (on/en/an, in/ain/ein, un, om/em, im) with 80+ common words, example sentences, and pronunciation guide. The hardest sound group for English speakers.
A2 pathway - French Consonant and Spelling Sounds: ch, j, gn, ç, tion, s/ss
Decode French spelling-to-sound patterns: ch (sh), j/ge (zh), gn (ny), ll (y), hard/soft c, ç, qu (k), the s vs ss (z) trap, -tion, and silent h — with word lists and pronunciation guide.
A2 pathway - French Liaisons and Elisions: Why Words Link Together
In spoken French, articles and pronouns link to the next word into one sound. Learn liaison (z/n/t links) and elision (l'/j'/d') with 90+ common examples — the key to understanding real, fast French.
A2 pathway - Hearing the Tense in French: parlé vs parlais, parlerai vs parlerais
Many French tenses differ by one small sound. Learn to hear and say é [e] vs è [ɛ], je vs j'ai, the future vs the conditional, and nous parlons vs parlions, for TEF/TCF listening and speaking.
Listening
- Listening Comprehension Strategy for Intermediate Learners
Master strategies for understanding spoken French without translating every word. Focus on key words, context clues, and real listening practice. A2 intermediate level.
A2 pathway
Speaking
- Talking About Likes, Preferences and Future Plans in French
Say what you love, like and can't stand (adorer, aimer bien, détester), compare with préférer and aimer mieux, give reasons, and talk about your plans with je vais, j'ai l'intention de, j'espère and quand + futur. With TEF/TCF model answers.
A2 pathwayTEF/TCF - Phone Calls in French: Answering, Asking for Someone and Leaving a Voicemail
Make and take phone calls in French: allô, c'est de la part de qui ?, ne quittez pas, phone menus (faites le 1, le carré), spelling your name, reading a phone number, and a voicemail template with model messages.
A2 pathwayTEF/TCF
Reading & Writing
- Reading: Le Week-end de Harjit (A2 · Passé composé)
A short A2 French story about a family weekend at Niagara Falls, with 16 passé composé blanks: avoir or être, agreement, reflexive verbs and irregular participles. Word bank, answer key and grammar notes in English.
A2 pathway - Reading: Le Jour de l'Examen (A2 · Linking Words)
A short A2 French story — Amrit's TEF exam day — with 17 fill-in-the-blank linking words (mais, parce que, donc, quand…), a word bank, a full answer key, and grammar notes in English.
- Reading: Le Premier Jour de Sarah (A2 · Prepositions)
A short A2 French story — Sarah's first day at a new bank job — with 20 fill-in-the-blank prepositions, a word bank, a full answer key, and grammar notes in English.
Culture
- Québécois vs European French: The Words, Sounds and Expressions That Differ
Char or voiture? Fin de semaine or week-end? The everyday Québec French words, pronunciation differences (tu → tsu), false friends and expressions like c'est plate and pantoute, and which French to use in the TEF and TCF.
A2 pathwayCanada / Québec - Food Culture in Québec and France: Meals, Dishes and Table Manners
Why dîner means lunch in Québec, what poutine, tourtière and pâté chinois are, how a French meal is structured, tipping, 'apportez votre vin', and how to explain in French that you're vegetarian.
Canada / Québec - Holidays and Celebrations in Canada and Québec: French Vocabulary and Customs
The holidays you'll meet in French Canada: la Saint-Jean, la fête du Canada and moving day, l'Action de grâce, le temps des sucres, Noël and le réveillon, with the right greeting for each and why 'bonne fête' means happy birthday in Québec.
Canada / Québec
B1Intermediate31 lessons · guided pathway available
Grammar
- Imparfait vs Passé Composé: How to Choose Every Time
Imparfait or passé composé? The one question that decides, habits vs counted events, finished durations, quand, verbs that change meaning, mistakes and 26 exercises.
B1 pathwayHas a drill - Plus-que-parfait: The Past Perfect and 'If Only' Statements
Master the French plus-que-parfait: imparfait of avoir/être + past participle. Learn when to use it in narratives and counterfactual si-clauses (si + plus-que-parfait → conditionnel passé).
B1 pathwayHas a drillTEF/TCF - Logical Connectors: car, parce que, donc, mais & More
Master French logical connectors (connecteurs logiques): cause (car, parce que, puisque), consequence (donc, alors), contrast (mais, pourtant), and sequence (d'abord, ensuite, enfin). Teach the exact differences and when each is right.
B1 pathwayHas a drillTEF/TCF - Gérondif: en + present participle
Learn French gérondif — forming en + present participle, the three irregular verbs to memorize, and using it to express simultaneity and manner in TEF/TCF B1 conversations and writing.
B1 pathway - French Relative Pronouns: qui, que, où, dont & lequel
Master French relative pronouns: qui (subject), que (object), où (place/time), dont (de + …), lequel after prepositions, and ce qui / ce que / ce dont — with the qui-vs-que test.
B1 pathwayHas a drill - French Demonstrative Pronouns: celui, celle, ceux, celles (and ça, ceci, cela)
Celui, celle, ceux and celles never stand alone: how to use them with -ci/-là, de and qui/que, what celui qui means, and how they differ from ça, ceci and cela.
B1 pathway - French Possessive Pronouns: le mien, le tien, le sien, le nôtre, le leur
Le mien, la mienne, les miens, le leur and the rest: how French possessive pronouns agree with the thing owned, au mien and du mien, notre vs le nôtre, and c'est à moi.
B1 pathway - The French Interrogative Pronoun lequel: Which One?
Ask 'which one?' with lequel, laquelle, lesquels and lesquelles: how it differs from quel, the contractions auquel and duquel, questions with prepositions, and je ne sais pas lequel.
B1 pathway - French Indefinites: chaque, chacun, quelqu'un, quelques, plusieurs, n'importe qui
Chaque vs chacun, quelques vs quelques-uns, quelqu'un, quelque chose, plusieurs, certains, aucun and n'importe qui: the adjective–pronoun split, and quelque chose de nouveau.
B1 pathway - Conditionnel: Polite Requests, Hypotheticals, and Counterfactuals
Master the French conditionnel présent and passé: use futur simple stems + different endings for polite requests, hypothetical situations, and 'if only' statements. Learn the si-clause sequences.
B1 pathwayHas a drillTEF/TCF - The French Futur Antérieur: Formation and Uses (quand j'aurai fini…)
Learn the futur antérieur: future of avoir/être + past participle, why French needs it after quand and dès que, deadlines with d'ici, and guesses like 'il aura raté son bus'.
B1 pathway - Subjonctif Présent: Wishes, Doubts, Emotion, and Necessity
Master the French subjonctif présent: form it from the ils present tense, learn the trigger verbs and phrases (il faut que, vouloir que, avoir peur que, bien que, pour que, avant que), and understand when to use it.
B1 pathwayHas a drillTEF/TCF - French Verbs + à, de or Nothing + Infinitive (commencer à, décider de, vouloir)
À, de or nothing before the second verb? Over 50 common French verbs in three groups, the demander à quelqu'un de pattern, and verbs whose meaning changes with the preposition.
B1 pathwayHas a drill - French Indirect Speech (Discours Indirect) and the Sequence of Tenses
Report what someone said with il m'a dit que…: que, si, ce que and de + infinitive, how pronouns and time words change, and how tenses shift back in the past (concordance des temps).
B1 pathway - French Passive Voice (La voix passive): être + Past Participle in Every Tense
The French passive voice step by step: être in the right tense + past participle, agreement, par vs de, the agent with pronouns, and when French prefers on, se or se faire. With exercises.
B1 pathwayHas a drill
Prepositions
One preposition per lesson. Take them in order, or jump to the one that trips you up.
- depuis: Since, For an Ongoing Duration
Every use of the French preposition depuis: a starting point, an ongoing duration with the present tense, and depuis que introducing a clause.
Has a drill
Vocabulary
- French News and Current Events Vocabulary
Learn French vocabulary for news media, current events, and discussing society with example sentences and English translations.
B1 pathway - French Idioms, Set 1: 27 Everyday Expressions (coûter les yeux de la tête…)
27 French idioms you will hear every day: the literal meaning, the real meaning and an example for each. Body, food, feelings, conversation, and four from Quebec.
B1 pathway - Talking About Films, Books and Shows in French: Vocabulary for Reviews
French words for giving your opinion on a film, series or book: genres, characters and plot, adjectives from passionnant to décevant, how to structure a review, and Quebec words like divulgâcher.
B1 pathway
Pronunciation
- French Connected Speech: Enchaînement, the Dropped E and Sounds That Disappear
Why spoken French sounds nothing like the page: enchaînement (il arrive → i-la-rive), the e caduc (samedi → sam'di, je ne sais pas → j'sais pas), the three-consonant rule, and everyday reductions like t'es, y'a and chuis.
B1 pathway
Speaking
- Giving Your Opinion in French: Agreeing, Disagreeing and Justifying
À mon avis, je trouve que, je ne pense pas que + subjunctive; phrases to agree and disagree politely, justify with reasons and examples, and a full model answer for TEF/TCF speaking.
B1 pathway - Giving Advice in French: tu devrais, à ta place, je te conseille de
Six ways to give advice in French: tu devrais, à ta place je…, il vaut mieux, je te conseille de, il faut que + subjunctive and the imperative, plus asking for advice and a model message to a newcomer.
B1 pathway - Making a Complaint in French: Landlord, Internet Provider and Shops
How to complain politely but firmly in French: a four-step method, three dialogues (a shop, an internet provider on the phone, a landlord) and phrases for TEF/TCF role-plays.
B1 pathway - The Job Interview in French: Common Questions and Model Answers
Prepare for a French job interview in Canada: model answers to nine common questions, which tense to use when, the STAR method, presenting foreign experience, questions to ask, and a thank-you email.
B1 pathwayCanada / Québec
Reading & Writing
- Reading: La Première Tempête de Gurpreet (B1 · Imparfait vs passé composé)
A B1 French story about a first snowstorm in Montreal with 28 blanks: choose the imparfait or the passé composé for each. Word bank, answer key, English gloss and grammar notes.
B1 pathway - Summarizing in French: How to Summarize a Text or a Conversation
A five-step method for writing a French summary (résumé): find the main ideas, drop the examples, reformulate in your own words with verbs like l'auteur explique que, plus model summaries of an article and a conversation.
B1 pathway - How to Write a Formal Letter or Email in French (TEF/TCF Canada)
Structure, key phrases and 3 model letters (request, complaint, job application) for formal French writing, with exercises and a quiz.
B1 pathwayTEF/TCF - Reading Comprehension Strategy: From Intermediate to Upper-Intermediate
Proven strategies for reading French texts without dictionary dependency. Master skimming, scanning, context clues, and handling unknown vocabulary. B1 upper-intermediate level.
B1 pathway
Culture
- Workplace Culture in Quebec and Canada: What Newcomers Should Know
Tu or vous at a Quebec office, why dîner means lunch, meetings, work emails, the 5 à 7, disagreeing with your manager, and the right to work in French. With a first-day conversation.
B1 pathwayCanada / Québec - Informal French: Verlan, Everyday Slang and Québécois Expressions
Understand the French you hear on TV and among friends: registers (soutenu, courant, familier), verlan (meuf, relou, chelou, ouf), everyday slang (boulot, pote, kiffer, j'ai la flemme) and colourful Québécois expressions (capoter, c'est malade, attache ta tuque).
B1 pathwayCanada / Québec - Francophone Canada and the French-Speaking World
French beyond Quebec: Acadie, Franco-Ontarians, the communities of the West and North, what it means for newcomers, and the worldwide Francophonie from Africa to Pondichéry.
B1 pathwayCanada / Québec
B2Upper intermediate24 lessons · guided pathway available
Grammar
- French Subjunctive vs Indicative After Conjunctions
Which French conjunctions take the subjunctive (bien que, pour que, avant que, à moins que) and which take the indicative (parce que, après que, même si), the same-subject infinitive rule, ne explétif, and the espérer and penser traps.
B2 pathwayHas a drill - French Subjonctif Passé: Formation and When to Use It
Form the French past subjunctive (aie/sois + past participle), know when it replaces the present subjunctive, use it for deadlines, and switch to the past infinitive when the subject is the same.
B2 pathway - French Conditionnel Passé, Mixed Si Clauses and Regrets
The French past conditional (j'aurais dû, j'aurais aimé), si + plus-que-parfait, mixed conditionals, regrets with si seulement, hypotheses with au cas où and sans, and the journalistic conditional.
B2 pathwayHas a drill - Expressing Cause, Consequence and Purpose in French (B2)
B2 French for cause (grâce à vs à cause de, en raison de, faute de, à force de), consequence (si bien que, tellement… que, d'où, entraîner) and purpose (pour que, afin de, de peur que, en vue de), with the grammar each one needs.
B2 pathway - French Mise en Relief: C'est… qui, C'est… que, Ce qui… c'est
How to add emphasis in French: c'est… qui and c'est… que, verb agreement in c'est moi qui suis, c'est à Montréal que (not où), ce qui / ce que / ce dont… c'est, and spoken dislocation like 'Mon frère, il…'.
B2 pathway - French Nominalization: Turning Verbs Into Nouns (B2)
Turn French verbs and adjectives into nouns: the -tion, -ment, -age, -ure and -ée endings, irregular nouns like choix and départ, telling gender from the ending, and rewriting sentences for headlines, summaries and reports.
B2 pathway - French Compound Relative Pronouns: Auquel, Duquel, Lequel
B2 French relative pronouns after a preposition: the forms of lequel, auquel and duquel, when près duquel is required and dont is impossible, parmi lesquels, à quoi and ce à quoi, and où vs dans lequel.
B2 pathway - French Causative Faire and Laisser (faire réparer, se faire)
The French causative: faire + infinitive (je fais réparer ma voiture), who does it with à or par, where the pronouns go, se faire as a passive (je me suis fait voler), laisser + infinitive, and rendre + adjective.
B2 pathway - French Participe Présent vs Adjectif Verbal (fatiguant/fatigant)
Tell the invariable French present participle from the verbal adjective that agrees, learn the spelling pairs (fatiguant/fatigant, précédant/précédent), ayant fini, and how it differs from the gérondif.
B2 pathway - French Past Participle Agreement: Advanced Rules (B2)
Advanced French past participle agreement: pronominal verbs (s'est lavée, se sont parlé, s'est rendu compte), no agreement with en, fait + infinitive, perception verbs, coûter and vivre, and il y a eu.
B2 pathway - French Passé Simple: How to Recognise It in Reading
Recognise the French passé simple in stories and history: where it appears, the three -a/-it/-ut patterns, irregular forms like fut, eut, fit and vint, the il finit trap, and how to read it as a passé composé.
B2 pathway
Vocabulary
- French Idioms, Set 2: Register and Precise Synonyms
B2 French: 13 idioms for work and debate, the same idea in three registers (familier, courant, soutenu), and precise words to replace faire, dire and il y a in TEF/TCF writing.
B2 pathway - French Society and Politics Vocabulary (B2)
36 B2 French words for Canada's Parliament, elections and social issues, with examples: député, circonscription, scrutin, itinérance, enjeu, and the two meanings of la politique.
B2 pathway - French Economy and Labour Market Vocabulary (B2)
35 B2 French words for the economy, business and the job market, with examples: pouvoir d'achat, pénurie de main-d'œuvre, mise à pied, and verbs for describing trends.
B2 pathway - French Science, Technology and AI Vocabulary (B2)
35 B2 French words for research, the digital world and artificial intelligence, with examples: chercheur, hameçonnage, pourriel, apprentissage automatique, biais, and how to debate AI.
B2 pathway - French Arts, Culture and Globalization Vocabulary
34 B2 French words for the arts, cultural life, identity and globalization, with examples: patrimoine, diaspora, pays d'accueil, and multiculturalisme vs interculturalisme.
B2 pathway
Listening
- Real Spoken French: Fast Speech, Regional Accents and News
From textbook French to real conversation: what disappears in fast speech (ne, il, tu), fillers like ben, genre, tsé and fait que, the accents of Quebec, France, Belgium and Africa, and a step-by-step ladder of news and podcasts.
B2 pathway
Speaking
- Expressing Regret and Reproach in French
One rule covers regretter, déplorer, s'en vouloir, être navré/désolé and c'est dommage: a noun, de + infinitive for one subject, que + subjunctive for two. Plus tu aurais dû for reproaching someone.
B2 pathwayHas a drill - How to Structure an Argument in French (Concession, Contrast)
Build a B2 French argument: paragraph structure, adding ideas (en outre, par ailleurs), contrast (en revanche, alors que), concession (certes… mais, bien que, malgré, avoir beau), examples, reformulation and conclusions.
B2 pathwayTEF/TCF - Debating in French: How to Defend Your Point of View
B2 French for debates: taking the floor, interrupting politely, holding the floor, answering objections, conceding without giving in, and a full TEF Task B model dialogue.
B2 pathway - How to Negotiate in French: Salary, Rent and Prices
B2 French for negotiating: opening, stating your position with the conditional, justifying it, counter-offers with à condition que, polite refusals, closing the deal, and model dialogues for salary, rent and a used car.
B2 pathwayCanada / Québec
Reading & Writing
- How to Write a French Opinion Essay for TEF and TCF Canada
Write the TEF Section B and TCF Task 3 opinion essay: reading the prompt, planning, introduction, two arguments and a concession, conclusion, two full model answers, timing and a final checklist.
B2 pathwayTEF/TCF - How to Write a Report in French (Rapport, Compte Rendu)
Write a workplace report and meeting minutes in French: the structure (context, findings, analysis, recommendations), neutral language like il ressort que, the compte rendu template, and two full models.
B2 pathwayCanada / Québec
Culture
- Quebec Media, Humour and Current Debates in French
B2 culture: who's who in Quebec media, media words (la une, chroniqueur, balado), Quebec's comedy scene, spotting irony and second degré, and talking about hot topics without taking sides.
B2 pathwayCanada / Québec
TEFExam prep & references7 lessons
Study plans & references
- 1000 Most Common French Words & Conjugation Reference
Comprehensive French vocabulary and grammar reference covering pronouns, articles, and numbers — with contraction rules, real conversations, and TEF/TCF-style practice, plus Punjabi and Gurmukhi phonetic guidance.
- 12-Week CLB 5 French Study Plan for TEF Canada
A practical 12-week French study plan for Punjabi speakers targeting CLB 5 in TEF/TCF Canada listening and speaking.
TEF/TCF - 7 Cheat Codes to Learn French Faster
Seven smart strategies to reach a working level of French faster — cognates, sound-before-spelling, chunks, personalization, simple questions, verb engines, and understanding linked speech. Practical study tips for TEF/TCF Canada learners.
TEF/TCF - French Pronunciation: The Complete Sound Guide
A complete reference to every French sound: oral vowels, nasal vowels, glides, consonants (R, silent H, ch, j), silent letters, liaison, elision, rhythm, and intonation — with interference notes and practice tips.
Strategy by section
- TCF Canada Listening: Exam Strategy & Practice Tips
Complete guide to TCF listening exam format, question types, timing strategies, and practice methods to achieve CLB 8+. Expert tips for Canadian immigration.
TEF/TCFCanada / Québec - TEF Canada Reading: Strategy & Timing
A complete strategy for the TEF Canada reading section — timing, question types, and the mistakes that cost points. Aim for CLB 7.
TEF/TCFCanada / Québec
Scores & immigration
- CLB/NCLC Levels and Score Conversion
Map Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) and Niveaux de compétence linguistique canadiens (NCLC) levels to TEF Canada and TCF Canada scores, plus CRS points for Express Entry.
TEF/TCFCanada / Québec