lire
to readIrregularਇਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਨਿਯਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨਦੀ — ਹਰ ਰੂਪ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | lissounds the same as another form in this tense | ai lu | lisaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais lire | liraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | lissounds the same as another form in this tense | as lusounds the same as another form in this tense | lisaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas liresounds the same as another form in this tense | lirassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | litsounds the same as another form in this tense | a lusounds the same as another form in this tense | lisaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va liresounds the same as another form in this tense | lirasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | lisons | avons lu | lisions | allons lire | lironssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | lisez | avez lu | lisiez | allez lire | lirezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | lisent | ont lu | lisaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont lire | lirontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. lis covers both "I read" and "I am reading" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and lu does not — ai lu.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so lisons gives you lisais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; lire never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on lir-, which is just the infinitive, so only the endings are new.
What this table tells you about lire
The past participle is lu, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on lir-, which is just the infinitive — the endings are the whole story, nothing new to learn for this tense.
In the present, je, tu and il/elle are one sound: lis, lit — indistinguishable spoken. Only nous, vous and ils/elles carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know lisons you already know lisais, lisait and lisaient. Futur proche keeps lire untouched.