connaître
to know (a person, a place)Irregularਇਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਨਿਯਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨਦੀ — ਹਰ ਰੂਪ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | connaissounds the same as another form in this tense | ai connu | connaissaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais connaître | connaîtraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | connaissounds the same as another form in this tense | as connusounds the same as another form in this tense | connaissaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas connaîtresounds the same as another form in this tense | connaîtrassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | connaîtsounds the same as another form in this tense | a connusounds the same as another form in this tense | connaissaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va connaîtresounds the same as another form in this tense | connaîtrasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | connaissons | avons connu | connaissions | allons connaître | connaîtronssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | connaissez | avez connu | connaissiez | allez connaître | connaîtrezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | connaissent | ont connu | connaissaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont connaître | connaîtrontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. connais covers both "I know (a person, a place)" and "I am know (a person, a place)ing" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and connu does not — ai connu.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so connaissons gives you connaissais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; connaître never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on connaîtr-, which is just the infinitive, so only the endings are new.
What this table tells you about connaître
The past participle is connu, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on connaîtr-, which is just the infinitive — the endings are the whole story, nothing new to learn for this tense.
In the present, je, tu and il/elle are one sound: connais, connaît — indistinguishable spoken. Only nous, vous and ils/elles carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know connaissons you already know connaissais, connaissait and connaissaient. Futur proche keeps connaître untouched.