comprendre
to understandIrregularਇਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਨਿਯਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨਦੀ — ਹਰ ਰੂਪ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | comprendssounds the same as another form in this tense | ai compris | comprenaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais comprendre | comprendraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | comprendssounds the same as another form in this tense | as comprissounds the same as another form in this tense | comprenaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas comprendresounds the same as another form in this tense | comprendrassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | comprendsounds the same as another form in this tense | a comprissounds the same as another form in this tense | comprenaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va comprendresounds the same as another form in this tense | comprendrasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | comprenons | avons compris | comprenions | allons comprendre | comprendronssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | comprenez | avez compris | compreniez | allez comprendre | comprendrezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | comprennent | ont compris | comprenaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont comprendre | comprendrontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. comprends covers both "I understand" and "I am understanding" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and compris does not — ai compris.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so comprenons gives you comprenais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; comprendre never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on comprendr-, which is just the infinitive, so only the endings are new.
What this table tells you about comprendre
The past participle is compris, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on comprendr-, which is just the infinitive — the endings are the whole story, nothing new to learn for this tense.
In the present, je, tu and il/elle are one sound: comprends, comprend — indistinguishable spoken. Only nous, vous and ils/elles carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know comprenons you already know comprenais, comprenait and comprenaient. Futur proche keeps comprendre untouched.